The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Model is a conceptual framework that defines how data moves through a network in seven layers — from the physical hardware connection to the software applications users interact with. Each…
Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE) reduces power consumption during periods of low network activity while maintaining network connectivity. EEE, defined by the IEEE 802.3az standard, allows Ethernet devices to enter low-power states when traffic is idle.…
10BASE-T is an Ethernet standard for local area networks (LANs) that supports speeds of 10 Mbps over twisted-pair cabling. It is defined by the IEEE 802.3 standard and uses Cat 3 or higher cables to…
100BASE-TX is an Ethernet standard that supports 100 Mbps speeds over twisted-pair cabling. Defined by the IEEE 802.3u standard, it uses Cat 5 or higher cables and operates in full-duplex or half-duplex mode. It is…
1000BASE-T is an Ethernet standard that supports 1 Gbps (1000 Mbps) speeds over twisted-pair cabling. Defined by the IEEE 802.3ab standard, it operates using Cat 5e or higher cables and supports full-duplex communication. This baseband…
100BASE-FX is an Ethernet standard that supports 100 Mbps speeds over fiber optic cabling. Defined by the IEEE 802.3u standard, it uses multimode fiber (MMF) with SC, ST, or LC connectors for data transmission. Unlike…
Electromagnetic Susceptibility (EMS) refers to a device’s ability to function correctly in the presence of electromagnetic interference (EMI). It is the opposite of electromagnetic immunity, which indicates a device’s ability to resist EMI. Devices with…
Maximum Transmission Units (MTU) refer to the largest size of a packet that can be transmitted over a network. It is determined by the network’s protocol and hardware limitations. MTU affects the efficiency and performance…
EtherNet/IP (Ethernet Industrial Protocol) is an industrial networking protocol that operates over standard Ethernet infrastructure. EtherNet/IP is an open and standardized protocol governed by the ODVA (Open DeviceNet Vendors Association). It uses the standard TCP/IP…
Jumbo Frame is an Ethernet frame with a Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) larger than the standard 1500-byte size, typically supporting 9000 bytes or more. This larger MTU reduces the overhead for data transmission, improving network…
Bandwidth refers to the maximum data transfer rate of a network connection, determining how much data can be transmitted per second. Bandwidth Control allows administrators to regulate network traffic by setting ingress (incoming) and egress…
MAC Management is a feature that allows administrators to manage and configure MAC addresses on a network switch. It provides several capabilities for controlling how MAC addresses are handled within the switch. With MAC Management,…
MDI (Medium Dependent Interface) and MDI-X (MDI Crossover) are two types of Ethernet port configurations. MDI ports are typically found on network devices like computers or routers, while MDI-X ports are often used on switches…
PROFINET (Process Field Network) is an industrial Ethernet-based communication protocol used for automation and control systems. PROFINET is designed to enable real-time communication between industrial equipment in manufacturing environments and uses the TCP/IP stack for…
A virtual local area network (VLAN) segments a physical network into smaller, isolated networks. It can help improve security and performance on a network. Layer 2 switches may create and segment VLANs but cannot route…
A layer 3 network switch operates at the Network Layer of the OSI model. Read more information about the OSI Model. Layer 3 network switches forward data based on IP addresses. Unlike layer 2 network…
A layer 2 network switch operates at the Data Link Layer of the OSI model. Read more information about the OSI Model. Layer 2 network switches forward data based on MAC addresses. They are responsible…
The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a reference model which describes seven layers of communication between computing systems over a network. These seven layers are as outlined: The OSI model was developed by the…
Read More What is the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model?
A network switch is a networking appliance that connects multiple devices inside of a Local Area Network (LAN). It communicates by forwarding data based off MAC addresses. Typically switches operate at layer 2, data link…
A UDP port is a communication endpoint for transmitting data between devices on a network using the UDP protocol. On Maple Systems products, UDP ports enable fast, connectionless communication for applications like broadcast messaging or…
A TCP port is a communication endpoint for transmitting data between devices on a network using the TCP protocol. On Maple Systems products, TCP ports facilitate connections between HMIs, PLCs, and other networked devices for…
UL indicates that the product has been tested to meet the safety standards of the United States by Underwriters Laboratories. UL adds another layer of assurance and peace of mind for end users seeking product…
RoHS, Restriction of Hazardous Substances, is a directive that originated in the European Union that restricts the use of specific hazardous materials in electronic products. A product must be RoHS compliant to qualify for the…